Summary Taiwanese research departments analyzed the level of zinc and parameters related to free radicals and oxidative stress in type 1 diabetic patients and healthy test persons. Patients with poor controlled glucose (sugar) levels were found to have significantly lower zinc levels. Additionally, levels of oxidative stress were significantly increased in diabetes patients. A significant…
Summary Different studies have shown that vitamin D has several beneficial properties and influences various mechanisms in the body. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread and may, for instance, be associated with diseases related to glucose (sugar) metabolism, like diabetes. This review, conducted by a Polish research department, showed that vitamin D is involved in various…
Summary The use of metformin (a conventional anti-diabetes drug) is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. Dutch researchers investigated the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in type 2 diabetes patients and its relationship to the duration and dose of metformin use. The study was performed with 550 type 2 diabetes patients using metformin. The study showed…
Summary This study explored the association between advanced diabetes retinopathy (an eye disease caused by high sugar levels) and vitamin D. 889 participants, including patients with diabetic retinopathy and healthy participants, were involved. The results showed that patients with vitamin D deficiency had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy compared to healthy participants with…
Summary This Korean study investigated vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes using the conventional anti-diabetes drug metformin. 1111 patients with type 2 diabetes, taking metformin for at least 6 months, were included. The study showed that an increased dose of metformin was significantly associated with decreased vitamin B12 levels. Vitamin B12 deficiency…
Summary Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among women with gestational diabetes. This study, executed by Iranian researchers, aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on this diabetes type. The trial was performed with 45 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes who did not take anti-diabetes medication. The participants were randomly assigned to…
Summary Increased oxidative stress levels have been shown to lead to diabetic problems. This study evaluated the potential of antioxidants to combat oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals (antioxidant capacity) in women with gestational diabetes (40 study participants) and healthy pregnant women (40 participants). Among others, dietary intake was measured using food questionnaires. The results…
Summary To assess the effects of calcium and vitamin D on women with gestational diabetes, 60 participants with this condition received either a combined calcium and vitamin D supplement or a placebo for 6 weeks. In the supplementation group, a significant decrease in cesarean section rate, maternal hospitalization, and hospitalization of newborns were found as…
Summary This study, conducted by Chinese researchers, investigated the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. In total, 1520 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited and divided into three groups: no diabetic retinopathy and two groups based on their stage of the disease. Patients with the most…
Summary This review by the Chinese University of Hong Kong evaluated the efficacy of various dietary supplements on gestational diabetes risk. 53 trials were reviewed with a total of 9443 participants. The researchers’ analysis found that vitamin D and inositol supplementation was particularly successful in reducing the risk of gestational diabetes. Additionally, inositol, probiotics, and…
Summary This study, executed by Chinese research departments, summarized the association between vitamin D and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (an eye disease caused by high glucose levels). 15 studies were included, involving 17,664 subjects. These studies showed that type 2 diabetes patients with vitamin D deficiency had a significantly increased risk of diabetic retinopathy.…
Summary In the present study, vitamin D levels, inflammation indicators, and glucose (sugar) levels were compared between pregnant women with gestational diabetes and pregnant women with a normal response to glucose sugar. The results included significantly lower vitamin D levels in women with gestational diabetes. A significant negative correlation was also observed between vitamin D…
Summary Scientists from a medical university in South Korea investigated the association between vitamin D levels and vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A total of 257 patients with diabetic vascular complications were recruited. Patients were categorized into three groups according to their vitamin D status. In both men and women, patients with…
Summary Gestational diabetes, which involves maternal obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation, is a common pregnancy complication. Several dietary compounds have shown beneficial effects on diabetes and inflammation. Two American research departments summarized knowledge from studies evaluating the associations between nutritional components (including antioxidant vitamins and minerals), maternal obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation in women with…
Summary This study, executed by the university of Shiraz, Iran, compared the concentration of essential trace elements, including zinc and chromium, in 20 type 2 diabetes patients versus 20 nondiabetic participants. The results showed that the levels of the measured trace elements were significantly lower in the blood of diabetes patients as compared with the…
Summary Diabetes is associated with low levels of vitamin B1 (thiamine) in the body. This study aimed to evaluate various involved parameters and vitamin B1 levels in type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared to healthy study participants. In this study, 90 participants were divided into three groups, with each 30 test persons. Group A…
Summary This trial, conducted by researchers from the United Kingdom, Pakistan, and Qatar, aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the quality of life of patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. To this end, 143 patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy (damage or dysfunction of nerves due to diabetes) were given a high dose…
Summary An Iranian research department evaluated the effects of vitamins C and E on stress, depression, and anxiety levels in 45 diabetic patients for 6 weeks. Patients were randomly divided into three groups that received vitamin E (400 IU = 268 mg), vitamin C (1000 mg), or a placebo. Several questionnaires were used before and…
Summary This review, executed by Polish researchers, aimed to present the effect of vitamin D on immune function and review human clinical studies on the use of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy in type 1 diabetes. Many studies have demonstrated, for instance, that appropriate supplementation with vitamin D reduces the risk of autoimmune diseases, including…
Summary Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and is associated with diabetes-related vascular complications in adulthood. This trial, conducted by Canadian and Israelian researchers, aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D treatment on vascular function and kidney inflammation among these patients. 31 adolescents with type 1 diabetes and low…
Summary Large fluctuations in glucose (sugar) levels could influence the risk of complications in type 1 diabetes patients. This study, executed by a Brazilian university hospital, aimed to evaluate these fluctuations and insulin needs in type 1 diabetes patients supplemented with vitamin D. 22 study participants received 4000 IU/day (100 µg) and 10000 IU/day (250…
Summary The function of specific immune cells influences type 1 diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in type 1 diabetes and can aggravate immune dysfunction. In contrast, high-dose vitamin D treatment may enhance the function of immune cells and improve metabolism in type 1 diabetes patients. In this German trial, patients received either a…
Summary This trial, executed by American researchers, aimed to assess associations between magnesium intake and prediabetes and/or diabetes-related symptoms (e.g., insulin resistance). The progression from these states to type 2 diabetes was also evaluated. 2582 participants, 26 to 81 years old at the start, were involved. This 7-year trial showed that participants with the highest…
Summary Widely used conventional diabetes drugs decrease vitamin B12 and folate levels and increase homocysteine, a substance involved in many metabolic processes. Together with high blood glucose levels, an abnormally high homocysteine level in the blood induces oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. This trial determined the effects of folate supplementation on homocysteine concentration and…
Summary Inflammation resulting from oxidative stress and an imbalance of the (innate) immune system has been associated with obesity and other complaints related to the development and progression of diabetes type 2 (e.g., insulin resistance). Reducing oxidative stress levels could therefore be an option to improve diabetes-related complaints. This review, executed by the Public Health…
Summary Vitamin B1 (thiamine) supplementation may prevent and reverse early-stage diabetic nephropathy (deterioration of kidney function) by correcting several diabetes-related mechanisms and helping counter the adverse effects of high glucose concentrations. This review by a British research institute discusses the role of vitamin B1 therapy in preventing and treating early-stage diabetic nephropathy. Evidence from studies…
Summary This study by an American Eye Institute determined whether a combination of vitamins B6, B9 (folate), and B12 is effective in reducing symptoms related to diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease caused by high blood glucose levels. 10 subjects with diabetic retinopathy were recruited for this six-month study. Vitamin tablets containing vitamins B6, B9, and…
Summary This study, conducted by the Loyola University Chicago, investigated the effect of vitamin D on improving mood (depression and anxiety) and mental and physical health in women with type 2 diabetes. 50 women with type 2 diabetes and significant depressive symptoms were enrolled in this study. For six months, the participants received a weekly…
Summary This Iranian study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic characteristics and inflammation levels (CRPs) in gestational diabetes patients. 76 pregnant women with gestational diabetes were assigned to receive either four oral treatments consisting of 50,000 IU (1250 µg) of vitamin D3 (38 women) or a placebo (38 women) once…
Summary This Spanish study aimed to explore whether there is an association between vitamin D status and diabetic retinopathy (an eye disease caused by high glucose levels) in type 2 diabetes patients. Two groups of patients – with (139 patients) and without (144 patients) diabetic retinopathy – were selected. The study showed a clear association…
Summary This study aimed to determine the effects of a micronutrient combination containing vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids on indicators of inflammation, oxidative stress, and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes patients. 120 participants were randomly divided into different groups receiving omega-3 fatty acids and/or vitamin D and/or placebos. The results showed significantly lower inflammation…
Summary Vitamin D deficiency is a condition that has been associated with diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease caused by high glucose (sugar) levels. This trial, executed by American and Indian researchers, aimed to evaluate the association of vitamin D levels with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy among Indians with type 2 diabetes. The…
Summary Vitamin D influences diverse metabolic functions in the body. This study, conducted by a university hospital in Shanghai, China, aimed to determine the effects of various doses of vitamin D on glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes. The patients – 133 pregnant women – were randomly divided…
Summary This review by Italian and British researchers aimed to investigate the effect of magnesium on glucose (sugar) and insulin parameters in people with diabetes or at high risk of this condition. 18 trials were analyzed, which showed that magnesium treatment reduced fasting glucose levels in diabetes patients. Furthermore, magnesium supplementation significantly improved glucose levels…
Summary Vitamin D deficiency is associated with diabetes and its complications. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the role of vitamin D as an indicator of severe diabetic retinopathy. To this end, study subjects without diabetic retinopathy, two groups with diabetic retinopathy, and healthy participants were examined. Various eye measurements were executed, and vitamin…
Summary This study, executed by researchers from Bahrain, evaluated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relationship with the severity of diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease caused by high glucose (sugar) levels. 300 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into three groups: no diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative,…
Summary This study, conducted by a Chinese medical university, evaluated the association between vitamin D deficiency and retinopathy severity in diabetic patients. The study used data from several surveys to evaluate associations between retinopathy severity and long-term glucose (HbA1c) levels. The interaction between the regulation of long-term glucose levels, vitamin D deficiency, and retinopathy severity…
Summary This study, conducted by scientists from a research institute in Auckland, New Zealand, aimed to investigate the effect of improved vitamin D levels on characteristics of diabetes, like insulin resistance. The patients were administered 100 µg (4000 IU) of vitamin D3 (42 women) or a placebo (39 women) daily for 6 months. Supplementation with…
Summary This Indian study aimed to examine the effect of oral vitamin C, in combination with an often used conventional drug, on fasting and postmeal blood glucose (sugar) levels as well as long-term blood glucose levels (HbA1c) and vitamin C levels in type 2 diabetes. 70 patients with type 2 diabetes participated in this 12-week…
Summary The objective of this trial was to determine whether oral magnesium supplementation improves the function of insulin-producing cells (beta cells in the pancreas) in non-diabetic individuals with magnesium deficiency. Non-diabetic participants with normal blood pressure and low magnesium levels received either magnesium (54 participants) or a placebo (52 participants) daily for 3 months. Beta…
Summary Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that correcting this deficiency may provide beneficial cardiovascular and metabolic effects. The objective of this study was to determine whether vitamin B1 supplementation is associated with an improvement of related parameters, like blood pressure and fasting blood glucose levels in patients…
Summary This study, conducted by Indian research departments, aimed to investigate the differences in dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with and without food ulcers. Elderly type 2 diabetes patients with foot ulcers (79 patients) and type 2 diabetes patients without foot ulcers (59 patients) were studied.…
Summary The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin B1 (thiamin) supplementation on inflammation and oxidative stress in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. 60 patients participated in this study and were allocated to two groups that received either 100 mg/day of vitamin B1 supplements (30 patients) or a placebo (30 patients)…
Summary This trial evaluated the effect of vitamin C and E supplementation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The study was performed with 170 patients divided into a supplementation group and a placebo group. Additionally, the supplementation group was divided into three subgroups, consuming either vitamin C, vitamin E, or a combination of vitamin C…
Summary Iranian researchers conducted this study to determine the effects of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E on oxidative stress, inflammation, and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes. 60 patients who did not take oral anti-diabetic medication were randomly allocated to take either 1000 mg of omega-3 fatty acids plus 400 IU (268 mg)…
Summary This trial, executed by a research department in Mexico, aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin B1 (thiamine) administration on metabolic and inflammation parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who did not use conventional drugs. This trial was carried out in 24 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 12 subjects received vitamin…
Summary In this study, researchers from Iran evaluated the impact of vitamin D supplement therapy on glucose regulation in children with type 1 diabetes. In total, 30 children with type 1 diabetes and low vitamin D levels were enrolled in the study. In addition to the standard insulin therapy for diabetics, the patients also received…
Summary This Iranian study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin C supplementation on fasting oxidative stress levels, oxidative stress levels after consumption of food, and lipid parameters in type 2 diabetes patients. 30 patients were randomly divided into a vitamin C treatment group (1000 mg/day) and a placebo group. Oxidative stress levels and lipid…
Summary Previous studies have shown a link between vitamin D deficiency and glucose metabolism disorders. This Iranian study aimed to evaluate whether vitamin D administration can manage diabetes mellitus type 1. During the study, the researchers examined the effect of vitamin D on long-term glucose (HbA1c) levels of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.…
Summary A hospital in Sri Lanka conducted a trial to evaluate the effects of a zinc supplement taken with or without other antioxidants on blood glucose levels and various lipid parameters in adult diabetics. 96 patients were randomly allocated to three groups: group A (29 patients) was supplemented with oral zinc (22 mg/day) and a…